An introduction to immunology and immunopathology
Abstract Beyond structural and chemical barriers to pathogens, the immune system has two fundamental lines of defense: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the first immunological
Consumption of β-glucans to spice up T cell treatment of tumors: a review
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adoptive T-cell treatments of solid cancers have evolved into a robust therapy with objective response rates surpassing those of standardized treatments. Unfortunately, onl
β-glucans as potential immunoadjuvants: A review on the adjuvanticity, structure-activity relationship and receptor recognition properties
Highlights •β-glucans are biological response modifiers with rich sources and diverse structures. •Extensive studies of β-glucan have been carried out to demonstrate its adjuvant activity on anti-infe
β-glucans as potential immunoadjuvants: A review on the adjuvanticity, structure-activity relationship and receptor recognition properties
Highlights •β-glucans are biological response modifiers with rich sources and diverse structures. •Extensive studies of β-glucan have been carried out to demonstrate its adjuvant activity on anti-infe
The Complexity of Fungal β-Glucan in Health and Disease: Effects on the Mononuclear Phagocyte System
β-glucan, the most abundant fungal cell wall polysaccharide, has gained much attention from the scientific community in the last few decades for its fascinating but not yet fully understood immunobiol
The effects of gene disruption of Kre6-like proteins on the phenotype of β-glucan-producing Aureobasidium pullulans
Abstract Killer toxin resistant 6 (Kre6) and its paralog, suppressor of Kre null 1 (Skn1), are thought to be involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall β-(1 → 6)-D-glucan in baker’s yeast, Sacchar
Structural characterization and evaluation of antioxidant, anticancer and hypoglycemic activity of radiation degraded oat (Avena sativa) β- glucan
Structural characterization and evaluation of antioxidant, anticancer and hypoglycemic activity of radiation degraded oat (Avena sativa) β- glucan Highlights •Oat β-d-glucan was effectively degraded b
Optimizing Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy: β-Glucan-Based Nanoparticles
Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment. Recent clinical success with immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, and adoptive immune cellular therapies has gener
Production of low-molecular weight soluble yeast β-glucan by an acid degradation method
Abstract β-glucan is widely distributed in nature as water soluble and insoluble forms. Both forms of β-glucan are utilized in several fields, especially for functional foods. Yeast β-glucan is a medi
Production of low-molecular weight soluble yeast β-glucan by an acid degradation method
Production of low-molecular weight soluble yeast β-glucan by an acid degradation method Abstractβ-glucan is widely distributed in nature as water soluble and insoluble forms. Both forms of β-glucan ar
Aureobasidium pullulans-cultured fluid induces IL-18 production, leading to Th1-polarization during influenza A virus infection
Abstract Several microbial molecules with pathogen-associated molecular patterns stimulate host innate immune responses. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in activating acquired immune res
The β-glucan from Lentinus edodes suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in estrogen receptor positive breast cancers
ABSTRACT Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in worldwide women, and novel interventions are needed to overcome the resistance occurring in the estrogen-targeted endocrine therapy. Herein, we
Aureobasidium pullulans produced β-glucan is effective to enhance Kurosengoku soybean extract induced Thrombospondin-1 expression
Abstract Black yeast, Aureobasidium pullulans is extracellularly produced β-(1,3), (1,6)-D-glucan (β-glucan) under certain conditions. In this study, using Glycine max cv. Kuroseng
β-(1 → 3,1 → 6)-d-glucans produced by Diaporthe sp. endophytes: Purification, chemical characterization and antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and HepG2-C3A cells
β-(1 → 3,1 → 6)-d-glucans produced by Diaporthe sp. endophytes: Purification, chemical characterization and antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and HepG2-C3A cells Highlights •β-glucans (EPS-P) w
Anti-tumor effect of β-glucan from Lentinus edodes and the underlying mechanism
Abstract β-Glucans are well known for its various bioactivities, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. This study focuses on the anti-tumor effect and the potential mechanism of
A critical review on production and industrial applications of beta-glucans
A critical review on production and industrial applications of beta-glucans Highlights•Beta-glucan has been increasingly used by the food and other industries.•Latest progress on production and applic
Oral administration of the β-glucan produced by Aureobasidium pullulans ameliorates development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice
Highlights •Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan (AP-PG) is known to be an immunomodulator. •Apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE) mice spontaneously develop atherosclerosis. •AP-PG is effective in am
Oral administration of the β-glucan produced by Aureobasidium pullulans ameliorates development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice
Oral administration of the β-glucan produced by Aureobasidium pullulans ameliorates development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice Highlights•Aureobasidium pullulans-deriv
Anticancer properties of low molecular weight oat beta-glucan – An in vitro study
Anticancer properties of low molecular weight oat beta-glucan – An in vitro study AbstractAnticancer properties of 1–3, 1–4 oat beta glucan are under intensive investigation now. Antitumor characteris
Oral administration of the β-glucan produced by Aureobasidium pullulans ameliorates development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice
Oral administration of the Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan effectively prevents the development of high fat diet-induced fatty liver in mice AbstractAureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan (
Oral administration of the Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan effectively prevents the development of high fat diet- induced fatty liver in mice
Abstract Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan (AP-PG) consisting of a β-(1,3)-linked glucose main chain and β-(1,6)-linked glucose branches is taken as a supplement to improve health. This study d
Oral administration of the Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan effectively prevents the development of high fat diet-induced fatty liver in mice
Abstract Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan (AP-PG) consisting of a β-(1,3)-linked glucose main chain and β-(1,6)-linked glucose branches is taken as a supplement to improve health. This study d
β-Glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Induces IFN-γ Production In Vivo in BALB/c Mice
Abstract Aim: β-Glucan is one of the most abundant polymers in nature and has been established as an immunomodulator. This compound has notable physiological effects on mammalian immune systems,
Stimulation of Macrophages with the β-Glucan Produced by Aureobasidium pullulans Promotes the Secretion of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)
Abstract A β-glucan produced by Aureobasidium pullulans (AP-PG) is consisting of a β-(1,3)-linked main chain with β-(1,6)-linked glucose side residues. Various β-glucans consisting of β-(1,3