β-Glucan induced plasma B cells differentiation to enhance antitumor immune responses by Dectin-1

B lymphocytes, essential in cellular immunity as antigen-presenting cells and in humoral immunity as major effector cells, play a crucial role in the antitumor response. β-glucan enhanced immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion in previous studies, but the specific mechanisms of B-cell activation with β-glucan were poorly understood. This study demonstrates that β-glucan enhances antitumor immune responses by promoting plasma B cell differentiation via the Dectin-1 receptor. In vitro experiments showed β-glucan enhanced B cell proliferation and differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells. In vivo tumor models confirmed that β-glucan treatment significantly improved tumor control through B cell-mediated mechanisms, expanding our understanding of β-glucan's immunomodulatory role beyond innate immunity to include adaptive B cell responses.