Abstract The black yeast-like fungi Aureobasidium spp. are ubiquitous microorganisms found in a wide variety of extreme and benign environments as saprophytes, endophytes, and pathogens. Since this diverse genus includes species with potential uses in agriculture and the food industry, it is important that we explore their evolution and spread in the
Abstract In the tumor microenvironment (TME), one of the major functions of tumor-recruited CD11b+ cells are the suppression of the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response. β-glucan could convert the phenotype of tumor-recruited CD11b+ cells from the suppressive to the promotive, and enhanced their anti-tumor effects. However, β-glucan could enhance the PD-1/PD-L1 expression on
Highlights Abstract Aureobasidium spp. are the dimorphic fungi which have both major yeast cells and minor filamentous cells. Different strains of Aureobasidium spp. can synthesize different enzymes for utilization of a wide range of substrates including various wastes. Aureobasidium spp. also can synthesize many natural products such as pullulan, β-glucan, polymalate, liamocins, siderophores and melanin which have many applications in various sectors of biotechnology. Furthermore, their
Highlights Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) are recognized as the most potent antigen-presenting cells, capable of priming both naïve and memory T cells. Thus, tumor-resident DCs (tumor-associated DCs: TADCs) play a crucial role in the immune response against tumors. However, TADCs are also well known as a “double-edged sword” because an immunosuppressive